Single-Board Computers (SBC)

Single Board Computers (SBCs) are compact, versatile computing devices that integrate all essential components of a computer onto a single circuit board. They are designed to be low-cost, power-efficient, and easy to integrate into various applications.

Definition:
A Single Board Computer is a complete computer built on a single circuit board, typically featuring a processor, memory, input/output ports, and other necessary components for computing tasks. These boards are often smaller than a standard credit card and are designed for specific purposes or to be adaptable to a wide range of applications.

Functions:
- Processing: SBCs can run various operating systems and applications, from simple scripts to complex software.
- Communication: They often include multiple communication interfaces such as USB, Ethernet, Wi-Fi, and Bluetooth.
- Expansion: Some SBCs offer expansion capabilities through connectors like GPIO (General Purpose Input/Output) pins for adding sensors, motors, and other peripherals.
- Storage: They may have built-in storage or support for external storage devices like SD cards or hard drives.
- Power Management: SBCs are designed to consume minimal power, making them suitable for battery-operated or energy-efficient applications.

Applications:
- Embedded Systems: Used in industrial control systems, medical devices, and automotive electronics.
- IoT (Internet of Things): SBCs are ideal for IoT devices due to their small size and low power consumption.
- Education: They are used in educational settings for teaching programming and electronics.
- Home Automation: SBCs can control smart home devices and systems.
- Entertainment: They can be used to build media centers and gaming consoles.
- Research and Development: SBCs are often employed in prototyping and testing new technologies.

Selection Criteria:
When choosing an SBC, consider the following factors:
1. Processor: The type and speed of the CPU will determine the SBC's processing capabilities.
2. Memory: The amount of RAM and storage will affect the SBC's ability to run applications and handle data.
3. Connectivity: Ensure the SBC has the necessary ports and interfaces for your application.
4. Operating System Support: Check if the SBC is compatible with your preferred OS or if it supports the software you need to run.
5. Power Requirements: Consider the power source and consumption, especially for battery-operated or remote applications.
6. Size and Form Factor: The physical dimensions and form factor should fit your project's constraints.
7. Community and Support: A strong community and good support can be invaluable for troubleshooting and development.
8. Cost: The price should align with your budget and the SBC's capabilities.

Popular SBCs include the Raspberry Pi, BeagleBone, and Arduino-based boards, each with its own set of features and community support.
Please refer to the product rule book for details.