Raspberry Pi

The Raspberry Pi is a series of small single-board computers developed in the UK by the Raspberry Pi Foundation to promote the teaching of basic computer science in schools and in part to address the lack of digital skills. The original model became far more popular than anticipated, selling outside its target market for uses such as IoT applications, media centers, and even full desktop computers.

Definition:
Raspberry Pi is a credit-card-sized computer that plugs into a computer monitor or TV, and uses a standard keyboard and mouse. It is a capable little device that is used by kids all the way up to adults; for learning programming and more.

Functions:
- Programming and Coding: It is used to learn programming languages like Python, Scratch, and Java.
- Web Server: It can be used as a web server to host websites.
- Media Center: It can be used to play high-definition video, music, and games.
- IoT Projects: It is used in various Internet of Things (IoT) projects.
- Educational Purposes: It is used in schools to teach students about computer science.

Applications:
- Home Automation: Control lights, thermostats, and other devices.
- Robotics: Build and program robots.
- Gaming: Emulate classic video game consoles.
- Data Analysis: Perform complex data analysis and visualization.
- Security Systems: Set up surveillance and systems.

Selection Criteria:
- Model: Raspberry Pi has different models (like Pi 1, Pi 2, Pi 3, Pi 4, Zero, etc.) with varying specifications.
- Processor: The speed and power of the processor can affect performance.
- Memory: More RAM allows for more complex tasks and multitasking.
- Connectivity: Consider the number and type of ports (HDMI, USB, Ethernet, etc.).
- Size: The form factor can be important depending on the project or space constraints.
- Power Requirements: Ensure the power supply is adequate for the model.
- Operating System: Raspberry Pi supports various OS, including Raspbian, Ubuntu, and Windows 10 IoT Core.
- Community and Support: A strong community and good support can be invaluable for troubleshooting and learning.

When choosing a Raspberry Pi, consider the specific needs of your project, the available budget, and the level of technical expertise you possess.
Please refer to the product rule book for details.