Surge Suppressors

Surge suppressors, also known as surge protectors, are electrical devices designed to protect electrical equipment from voltage spikes and surges. These spikes can be caused by various factors, including lightning strikes, power outages, and the switching on or off of large electrical devices.

Definition:
A surge suppressor is a protective device that limits voltage fluctuations by either blocking or safely diverting the excess voltage to ground. It is typically connected between the power source and the equipment to be protected.

Function:
The primary function of a surge suppressor is to absorb and dissipate the excess energy from voltage spikes, preventing damage to sensitive electronic devices. This is achieved through a combination of components such as metal oxide varistors (MOVs), gas discharge tubes (GDTs), and transient voltage surge suppressors (TVS diodes). These components work together to clamp the voltage within safe limits for the connected equipment.

Applications:
Surge suppressors are widely used in various settings to protect a range of equipment:
1. Residential: Protecting home electronics like TVs, computers, and home theater systems.
2. Commercial: Securing office equipment, security systems, and communication devices.
3. Industrial: Safeguarding machinery, control systems, and sensitive instruments.
4. Power systems: Protecting transformers and other electrical infrastructure from power surges.

Selection Criteria:
When choosing a surge suppressor, consider the following standards:
1. Energy Absorption Capacity: The ability of the suppressor to handle multiple surges without failure.
2. Response Time: How quickly the suppressor reacts to a surge, ideally in nanoseconds.
3. Clamping Voltage: The voltage at which the suppressor starts to divert excess energy.
4. Protection Level: The maximum voltage that the suppressor can handle without allowing harmful voltage to reach the connected equipment.
5. UL Certification: Look for products that meet Underwriters Laboratories (UL) standards for safety and performance.
6. Number of Outlets: Depending on the number of devices that need protection.
7. Wire Gauge: The thickness of the wire, which affects the suppressor's ability to handle current.
8. Warranty and Brand Reputation: A good warranty and a reputable brand can provide peace of mind.

In summary, surge suppressors are essential for protecting electronic devices from the damaging effects of voltage spikes. They operate by absorbing excess energy and diverting it safely away from the equipment. When selecting a surge suppressor, it's important to consider its energy absorption capacity, response time, clamping voltage, protection level, and other factors to ensure it meets the specific needs of the equipment being protected.
Please refer to the product rule book for details.